Nod to The Legend · Happy accidents · 1998

Auto-Tune on "Believe"

Andy Hildebrand, Mark Taylor and Brian Rawling

Hildebrand used math from his oil-industry seismic work to build Auto-Tune (1997) as a subtle fixer. On Cher's "Believe", the producers set the retune speed to its fastest, and the robotic snap became a sound.

Still heard: Hard-tuned vocals run through trap, afrobeats, reggaeton and pop.

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